初中英语重要短语? 1.put down 放下 shut down 把…关上cut down砍掉come down下来、落下slow down 减缓、放慢sit down坐下write down写下get down下来,降落 2.after all毕竟.终究after that于是.然后day after day日复一...
初中
1.put down 放下 shut down 把…关上cut down砍掉come down下来、落下slow down 减缓、放慢sit down坐下write down写下get down下来,降落
2.after all毕竟.终究after that于是.然后day after day日复一日地one after another相继.挨次soon after不久以后the day after tomorrow后天
3. come up with找到、提出catch up with赶上wake up弄醒、醒来send up发射open up开设、开办grow up长大pick up拾起、捡起hands up举手eat up吃光clean up打扫干净give up doing sth.=stop doing sth.放弃做某事
4.arrive at/in + n.到达get to +n.到达reach + n.到达arrive / get +adv.到达
5.get…back退还,送回去.取回give back归还come back回来at the back of在…的后面on the way (back)home在回家路上
6. at least至少at breakfast早餐时at desk在桌前at once马上,马上at school在上学at the same time同时at work在工作be good at=do well in 善长laugh at嘲笑not…at all一点也不at first起初at night在晚上at noon中午.at the age of // when sb. was…years old 在…岁时at last / in the end / finally 最后、终于.at the beginning of the twenty-first century在21世纪初,at the end of 在…终点、结尾at the moment // now目前at the foot of在…脚下at Christmas在圣诞节at any moment任什么时候候at times(sometimes)有的时候,,有时at the doctor’s在医务室be bad at不善长
7.for example比如for ever永远be good for对…有益be bad for对…有害for long=for a long time长时间for short 简称be short for是…的简称TV is short for “television”
8. come true达到come down下来come from=be from来自,出生于come in/into进入,进来come on赶快come over过来come along走吧,过来,快点,come and go来来去去come up上来come out出来,(花)开,(照片)冲洗出来
9.even though=even if就算、虽然、尽管
10. be pleased with对…感到满意be covered with被…覆盖be expected to do sth.被希望做某事be proud of 以…自豪speak highly of 称赞be afraid of害怕hear of听说(hear from sb.收到某人的来信)of cause=certainly当然可以plenty of= a lot of不少
11.by the way顺便说by oneself独自,自己独立by the end of到…为至by the time(导致时间状语从句)到…时one by one依次by air / plane乘飞机by bus / train / car乘公共汽车/火车/轿车(catch a bus赶公交车get on / off the bus上/下车take a bus to…=go to …by bus乘车去)
12.do / try one’s best尽力do one’s homework做家庭作业do (the/some) shopping购物do the cooking烹饪do some cleaning打扫do the / some washing洗衣服do sport做运动do with sb / sth.处理well done干得好
13.early in the morning一大早in the early spring初春in my early days我幼年时期early bus早班车
14.make a contribution to奉献给、捐献make a telephone call to sb. // ring sb. up // give sb. a call // phone sb.给某人打电话号码connect…to…把…与…连接起来be close to靠近(某地) give birth to生(孩子) lose to sb输给sb .
15.either…or…或者…或者..on either side of the street街道任何一边(on each side of the street街道每一边on both sides of the street街道两边)
16.keep doing sth.不停地做某事(表示状态继续)keep on doing sth. 坚持做某事(表示动作反复进行)practise doing sth.练习做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事finish doing sth.做完某事go on doing sth.继续做某事(同一件事)
17.go on to do sth.马上做某事(另一事) go straight along 沿着…一直往前走, go down下降, go for a walk散步, go over学习, go shopping买东西, go to the cinema去看电影, go well进展顺利, go off to动身去, go out外出 , go to work去上班, go up上升, want a go 想试一试
18. think about考虑 (think of 觉得、想起、考虑、想到 think over认真考虑 think out想出)talk about谈论, worry about担心, How / What about…?…怎么样?
19.borrow…from …从…借….(lend…to…把…借给…)from door to door挨家挨户 , from time to time时时, from now on 从今以后 , from then on 从那以后, be different from与…不一样 , learn…from…向…学习
20.get dressed穿衣 , get into进入, get / be lost丢失, get off / on下/上车 , get on well with sb.与某人相处得好, get out of从…出来 , get ready for +n.为…做准备, get ready to do sth.准备做某事, get / go to sleep (fall asleep)入睡 , (be asleep睡着) get warm 变暧 , get well康复, get a chance 有机会、得到机会
21. look for 找寻 , wait for等候 , look after=take care of照看, look like给人的印象像 , look over检查,学习 , look out小心,从里向外看 , look the same给人的印象一样, look up向上看,查单词 , look around环视look forward to希望 , look through温习,检查
22. set off 出发、动身, put off 延期 , keep off 规避、不靠近… drop off放下(某物),turn off关 , jump off跳离 , take off脱(衣),(飞机)起飞
23. half a kilo半千克 , half an hour半小时 , in half分成两半, half of the day半天
24. do eye exercises做眼保健操 , do morning exercises做早操take (more) exercise (多)参与体育锻炼 , an exercise book练习本
25. take part in参与 , hand in上交 , in hospital住院 , in surprise吃惊地 , in the sun在阳光下 , in trouble处于困境, in a minute / moment马上
26. leave for…动身去某地
27 feed on 以…为主食 , live on继续活着 , base on以…为按照 , carry on坚持、继续下去 , and so on 等等 , on the other hand另外一个方面 , on foot步行 28.be famous for以..著名 , be excited about +n./V-ing对…感到兴奋 , be interested in 对…感兴趣 , be born出生 , be busy with sth.— be busy doing sth.主要精力都在…be amazed at 对..感到惊讶
29.move away移开 , move to(搬)移到
30.search the Internet网络
31.make sure 确信 , make a dialogue编对话 , make a mistake犯错误 (by mistake因为疏忽) make a noise吵闹 , make faces做鬼脸 , make friends (with)和..交朋友 , make room for给..让地方, make tea沏茶, make money赚钱, make a decision作出决定
32.used to do sth过去经常做某事, be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事
33. leave sth+介词短语 “把……忘记在某处”
34.forget to do sth.忘记做某事 , encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事 , decide to do sth.决定做某事 , allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事
35.hear sb. to do (doing)sth.听见某人做某事
36.help sb. (to) do sth .//help sb. with sth. 帮某人做某事 , with one’s help在某人的帮下 , with pleasure乐意
37.the summer holiday(s)暑假 the winter holiday(s)寒假
38.step into走进 , pour into倒入…
39.in the first第一 , for the first time首次, at first起初 , a firs t language母语 , first of all第一
40.leave a message for sb.给某人留条, give / take sb. a message给某人捎口信
41. take photos / pictures 照像 , take away拿走 , take out取出 (work out算出) take care当心 , take medicine 用药 take one’s temperature量体温, take one’s time别着急 , take a walk散步 , take place出现
42. learn by oneself / teach oneself自学 , learn by heart背熟
43. a year and a half (one and a half years ) 一年半
44.have a try尝试,努力 , try out尝试、试验 , find out / about找出,查明, have a good / wonderful / great / time玩得开心, have a (bad) cold(重)感冒 , have a meeting / walk / watch开会/散步/比赛 , have sports进行体育活动 , have nothing / sth. to do with与..无(有)关 , have no idea不清楚 , have (one’s) medicine用药
45. offer sb sth.给某人提供某物
46.win first prize获一等奖
47.all over the world= around the world =throughout the world全世界
48. all kinds of 各自不同的各样的
49. neither… nor 既不…也不….
50. not only … but also …不但…而且, , both… and ……和…都
junior English
词类又叫词性,英语单词按照其在句子中的功用,可以分成十个大类。
1.名词noun n. student 学生
2.代词pronoun pron. you 你
3.形容词adjective adj. happy 高兴的
4.副词 adverb adv. quickly 快速地
5.动词verb v. cut 砍、割
6.数词numeral num. three 三
7.冠词article art. a 一个
8.介词preposition prep. at 在...
9.连词conjunction conj. and 和
10.感叹词interjection interj. oh 哦
前六类叫实词,后四类叫虚词。
二、名词
2)若名词已有复数词尾-s ,只加“”,如:the workers’ struggle工人的斗争。
三、代词
相当大一部分代词具有名词和形容词的功能。
英语中的代词,按其意义、特点及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词和不定代词九种
人称代词的用法:
I saw her with them, at least, I thought it was her.我看到她和他们在一起,至少我觉得是她。(her做宾语,them做介词宾语,her作主补)
a. - Who broke the vase?-谁打碎了花瓶?
b. - Me.-我。
并列人称代词的排列顺序
1) 单数人称代词并列作主语时,其顺序为:
第二人称 you
第三人称 he/she;it
第一人称 I
如:You, he and I should return on time.
2) 复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:
第一人称 we
第二人称 you
第三人称 they
反身代词
thirty-first-31st
基数词变序数词的巧记口诀
一,二,三要全变;(one-first; two-second;three- third)
其余都加th,
th里有例外,8去t,(eight-eighth) 9去e(nine-ninth)
字母f代ve(five-fifth; twelve-twelfth);ty变成tie(twenty-twentieth)
若要变化几十几,只变个位完全就能够(twenty-one-twenty-first)
数次的用法
1)倍数表示法
a. 主语+谓语+倍数(或成绩)+ as + adj. + as
I have three times as many as you.我有你三倍很多。
b. 主语+谓语+倍数(成绩)+ the size (amount,length…) of…
The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球是月球的49倍。
c. 主语+谓语+倍数(成绩)+ 形容词(副词)比较级+ than…
The grain output is 8 percent higher this year than that of last year.
d. 还可以用by+倍数,表示增多多少倍
The production of grain has been increased by four times this year.
2)成绩表示法
构成:基数词代表分子,序数词代表分母。分子大于1时,分子的序数词用单数,分母序数词用复数:1/3 one-third ;3/37 three and three-sevenths
六、形容词及其用法
主要用来修饰名词的词,表示事物的特点。
形容词用来修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的性质、状态,和特点的程度好坏,与否。
形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。但是,假设形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词后面,比如:something nice
以-ly结尾的形容词
1)friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。
2)有部分以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词。
daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early
The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily.
用形容词表示类别和整体
某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,与谓语动词的复数连接。
如:the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the blind,the hungry
七、副词及其基本用法
副词(adverb,简写为adv)是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、全句的词,说明时间、地址位置、程度、方法等概念的词。副词是一种半虚半实的词。
副词可分为:地址位置副词、方法副词、程度副词、疑问副词和连接副词。
兼有两种形式的副词
1) close与closely
close意思是“近”;closely 意思是“认真地”
He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.
2)late 与lately
late意思是“晚”;lately 意思是“最近”
You have come too late. What have you been doing lately?
形容词与副词的比较级
相当大一部分形容词(性质形容词)和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1) 规则变化
方法介词
as作为/当作..., by用/由/乘坐/被..., in用…(语言), like与…一样, on骑(车)/徒(步),通过(收音机/电视机), over通过(收音机), through通过..., with用(材料),用(手/脚/耳/眼), without没有…
涉及介词
about有关..., except除了…, besides除了…还... for针对/就…来说, in在…(方面), of…的,相关..., on有关/相关..., to对…来说, towards针对..., with就…来说
其它介词
【目标介词】 for为了..., from防止…, to为了…
【因素介词】 for因为..., with因为…, because of因为...
【比较介词】 as与…一样,like象…一样,than比...,to与…相比, unlike与…不一样
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