初中定语从句的有趣导入和讲解法,初中定语从句的有趣导入和讲解法在复合句中的作用

初中定语从句的有趣导入和讲解法,初中定语从句的有趣导入和讲解法在复合句中的作用

初中定语从句的有趣导入和介绍法?

在复合句中,充当定语的句子叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系代词有who, that, which,whose等和关系副词when,where等。

一、基本概念

1.定语:修饰、限制要求、说明名词或代词的句子成分。

例如:a handsome boy, 既然如此那,我们这边的handsome 就是用来修饰名词boy的,故此,handsome这个词是定语

记忆:定语是修饰名词或代词的词、短语或句子。

其实就是常说的定语它只紧跟着名词或代词转。

2.定语从句(relative clause):修饰名词或代词的句子(用一个句子来充当定语)。

例如:He is a boy who is handsome.

这边的who is handsome 就是定语从句,当然这个句子没有任何意义,假设产生写作中,我们会觉得这是一个凑数的定语从句,像这样的简单表达我们直接用handsome形容词做定语就可以(可能学生在写作中会写出这样完全没有营养的定语从句)。

I used to live in the house which was surrounded by flowers and birds. 像这样的句子就一个简单的句子来表示,故此,我们会觉得这是一个合适好处的定语从句。

注意:到了系统的学了非谓语动词后面,这个句子也可用一个简单句表示

I used to live in the house surrounded by flowers and birds.

这里就是用非谓语动词(过去分词)做定语。

3.先行词 被修饰的词

例如上文中的boy/house

注意:定语从句中的先行词大多数情况下是名词/代词(各位考生在记单词时,最好也记下单词的词性)

4.关系词(引导词)

引出定语从句的词

如:上文中的who/which

既然如此那,定语从句中,最最重要,要优先集中精力的就是掌握并熟悉关系词的用法

二、关系词

1.关系代词(代表先行词,在从句中作一定的成分)

在把控掌握详细关系代词用法时,第一了解定语从句中的主语和宾语

I used to live in the housewhich was surrounded by flowers and birds.

I used to live in the housewhich my grandfather had lived in.

这两个句子中的先行词都是house,但是,他们在定语从句中充当的成分是明显不同的。

第一个句子Which was surrounded by flowers and birds. 这里的which实际上就是指代前文中的house,在这个定语从句中The house was surrounded by flowers and birds. house 作主语。(大多数情况下来说在谓语动词前-句首,都是主语,除去倒装句)

第二个句子,我们在还原在,即 将The house my father had lived in. 更改成 My father had lived in the house.

明显,我们这里的house是作介词in的宾语(假设针对宾语不熟悉,可以去看下宾语从句这篇文章)。

一般假设先行词作宾语,我们的关系词可以省略,即:

I used to live in the house my father had lived in.

故此把控掌握主语和宾语,就可以完美区分那些省略掉关系词的定语从句。

1.1 who

大多数情况下来说,关系代词为who时,先行词是人,可以作主语、宾语

I really admire those people who have acchievd great success.

I cant help those people who I hate. (宾语)

1.2 whom 作宾语

I cant help those people whom I hate.

1.3 that 先行词既可以是人,也可是物,可以作主语、宾语

I really admire those people who have acchievd great success.

I cant help those people who I hate.

补充:He is the hero of whom we are proud.

像这样的假设有介词,我们只可以用whom,初中考察的很少,了解就可以

1.4 which 指代物 可作主语、宾语

I used to live in the house which was surrounded by flowers and birds

1.5 whose 指代人/物,作定语

I used live in the house whose wall was painted into green.

He is the hero whose father is our English teacher.

补充:

因为that和which,都可以以修饰物,有部分情况只用that,不需要which(了解就可以)

1.先行词由all, much, little, few, something 等不定代词修饰或先行词本身是不定代词

There is nothingthat we can do.

2.先行词有the only, the same, the very等修饰时

This is the onlymusic that I love.

3.先行词有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时

This is the best film that I have ever seen.

4.先行词既指人又指物

We talked about the person and thingsthat we remembered.

假设考察,前面三种非常多(初中阶段,平日间试题出现)

2.关系副词 作状语

关系副词大多数情况下在从句中作状语,其实就是常说的说从句不缺主语、宾语

2.1 when 先行词表示时间

I will never forget the day when we stayed together.

比较:

I will never forget the day that/which we spent together.

问题:先行词也是 the day,为什么一个用when,一个用that/which?

2.2 where 先行词表地址位置

I will never forget the village where we stayed together.

I will never forget the village that/which is in the east of China.

问题:先行词也是 the village,为什么一个用where,一个用that/which?

2.3 why 先行词大多数情况下为the reason

Can you explain the reason why you are late again?

难点:关系副词和介词+which替换

在上面说的句子中我们可以用对应的介词+which和关系副词替换

大多数情况下来说why=for which

when=in/on...+which

where=in/on...+which

详细介词选择则主要还是看先行词

I will never forget the village where (in which)we stayed together.

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